What is the NEQ number in Quebec?

Are you starting your own business and wondering what the NEQ number in Quebec means? You're not alone. Every year, more than 250,000 businesses are registered with the Quebec Business Registry and receive this 10-digit number. But what is it really for? Is it mandatory for everyone? How do you get this number in Quebec quickly?

In this article, our CPA accountants and corporate tax specialists explain clearly and simply what the NEQ number is, what it's used for, and how to get a NEQ number in Quebec. A clear, concise and practical guide for Quebec business owners.

A simple definition of the NEQ number

The Quebec Enterprise Number (NEQ) is a unique 10-digit identifier assigned to each registered business by the Registraire des entreprises du Québec (REQ). Think of it as your company's official ID card, used for all administrative procedures, such as filing your corporate tax returns.

Who assigns this number to Quebec businesses?

The NEQ is issued by the Registraire des entreprises du Québec (REQ). When you register your business in Quebec, whether it's a corporation, sole proprietorship or non-profit organization (NPO), the REQ automatically assigns your business an NEQ.

What is the purpose of the NEQ number?

First and foremost, the NEQ serves as your company's official identification number. Once registered, your company will appear in the Quebec Business Registry under this unique identifier. This allows anyone, customers, suppliers or partners, to verify your company's legal existence and to access public information, thus promoting transparency in business.

But that's not all. The NEQ is also essential for several administrative tasks. You'll need it to open a business bank account, register for GST and QST numbers, or bid for public contracts. Without it, managing your business can become unnecessarily complicated.

Lastly, being registered with the REQ sends a powerful message: your company is declared, compliant, and professional. It’s a mark of credibility that reassures potential partners and can make a difference when forming new business relationships or signing important contracts.

Who needs to register for NEQ number?

• Quebec corporations (mandatory)

• Sole proprietorships that wish to register (often required for contracts)

• Non-profit organizations

• Associations, in certain cases

If you're a self-employed person working under your own name, you may not be required to obtain an NEQ, but in some cases, it's still necessary.

How do I get a NEQ number?

Any business wishing to officially register in Quebec must file an application for registration with the Registraire des entreprises, the provincial government agency responsible for this step. This registration gives you your NEQ number, which is essential for managing your business and completing tasks such as opening a bank account or registering with Revenu Québec.

Case of an incorporated company

If you incorporate your business in Quebec, your NEQ will be issued automatically upon registration. No further steps are required. Once your incorporation is confirmed, you'll receive your number by email, along with the official incorporation documents. You can also consult your NEQ at any time through the online Business Register.

Self-employed or sole proprietorships

If you're self-employed or run a sole proprietorship, you must voluntarily register to obtain a NEQ. This involves filling out an online form, providing basic information such as the last name of the representative and the type of business. You'll also be asked to authorize public agencies to access your file for verification and data use purposes.

Costs and deadlines

Registration fees typically range from $35 to $50, depending on the legal structure. If your application is complete and compliant, your NEQ will be issued within 1 to 3 business days. Also note that any change in your situation, such as a change of address, company name or representative, must be updated in your file. An annual statement is also required to keep your registration active.

Where can I find my Quebec Business Number?

Misplaced your NEQ? Don't worry. You can find it:

• Find it in your secure account on the REQ website

• Search it for free in the Quebec Business Register - handy when you're looking up a customer or supplier

NEQ and federal business number: be careful not to confuse them

Don't confuse your NEQ with your federal business number (BN) issued by the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA). The BN is used for tax purposes (such as GST returns or T2 corporate returns), while the NEQ is tied to your provincial registration in Quebec. Many companies have both.

Frequently asked questions (FAQ)

1. Is the NEQ mandatory for all companies?

No, not for every company. If you plan to incorporate, operate under a unique business name, or bid on contracts with Québec government departments, the NEQ becomes essential.

2. Can I have more than one NEQ?

Each company can only have one NEQ.If you own multiple companies, each must go through the application process for an NEQ separately. Each NEQ number is tied to a specific registration declaration and business structure, ensuring clear identification within the enterprise register of the province of Quebec.

3. Will my NEQ change if I change my company name?

No. Even if you change your company name, your NEQ number is assigned once and remains the same. However, you must file a declaration of registration update to notify the Registraire des entreprises of this change in business information. Maintaining an accurate file helps Québec government departments and Revenu Québec validate your presence within the province and your business income reporting.

4. Is the NEQ confidential?

No. It's public and can be found via a simple NEQ number search on the Québec enterprise register. This public access reinforces trust and transparency in business relations. You can use this tool to search for any registered business entity across the province of Quebec.

5. Do I have to indicate my NEQ on my invoices?

It's not mandatory under the Quebec Business Corporations Act, but it’s highly recommended—especially for businesses dealing with public bodies or other incorporated entities.

T2inc.ca for your business tax returns

The NEQ number is more than just a formality, it is the core of your company's identity in Quebec. It follows you through every administrative process and helps you run your business smoothly.

Are you incorporated and need to file your corporate tax returns? At T2inc.ca, we specialize in CO-17 returns in Quebec, and we can help you meet all your tax obligations, efficiently and stress-free.

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